Stock Market Basics for Indian Investors

🏛️ NSE vs BSE

NSE (National Stock Exchange, 1992) tracks the Nifty 50 — India's top 50 companies. BSE (Bombay Stock Exchange, 1875) tracks the Sensex 30. Both are regulated by SEBI. Settlement is T+1 (shares next business day).

📋 Opening a Demat Account

You need PAN + Aadhaar + a broker. Zero-cost options: Groww, Upstox, Angel One. Account opens in 1–3 days. Start investing from as little as ₹100 via ETFs.

📊 Key Valuation Terms

• P/E Ratio: Price ÷ Earnings — lower = cheaper
• Market Cap: Large (>₹20K Cr) / Mid / Small
• Dividend Yield: Annual dividend ÷ current price
• 52-week High/Low: Annual price range

💡 Beginner Strategy

Start with a Nifty 50 Index Fund via SIP. Avoid individual stocks for first 2–3 years. Invest only money you won't need for 5+ years. Never invest borrowed money.